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RMS Scotia
''Scotia'' was a British passenger liner operated by the Cunard Line that won the Blue Riband in 1863 for the fastest westbound transatlantic voyage. She was the last oceangoing paddle steamer, and as late as 1874 she made Cunard's second fastest voyage. Laid up in 1876, ''Scotia'' was converted to a twin-screw cable layer in 1879. She served in her new role for twenty-five years until she was wrecked off of Guam in March 1904.
==Development and design==
As a result of competition from the Collins Line, Cunard ordered the ''Persia'' of 1856, the first iron Blue Riband winner. ''Scotia'' was originally planned as a sister for ''Persia''. However, the project was delayed after the loss of the Collins ''Arctic'' and ''Pacific'' left Cunard without effective competition on the express service. When ''Scotia'' was finally built, she was a larger edition of ''Persia'' with an extra deck.〔 Safety improvements included seven watertight compartments, a reinforced forward bulkhead and buoyancy chambers.〔
There was considerable disagreement among Cunard's partners concerning the choice of paddle wheels for the new liner as screw propulsion was proving itself superior. While the firm already owned screw steamers for the secondary service, Samuel Cunard insisted that paddle wheels be retained for what was to be the line's premier unit. However, they agreed to order a second mail steamer, the ''China'' to test screws in the express service.〔
As completed by Robert Napier and Sons of Glasgow, ''Scotia'' was the second largest ship in the world after ''Great Eastern''. She carried 273 first class passengers and 50 in second class. ''Scotia'' did not have quarters for steerage. Her two-cylinder side-lever engine produced 4,000 horsepower.〔 and consumed 164 tons of coal per day.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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